Biology (Grades 9–10) Midterm — Quick Check, Units 4–6
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Free printable Biology midterm (Grades 9–10): 10 multiple-choice questions covering Cell Division & DNA, Genetics, Evolution & Ecology. Answer key included — customize it in the Midterm Maker.
Biology (Grades 9–10) Midterm — Quick Check, Units 4–6
Name: Date: Period:
Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the best answer.
Covers: Cell Division & DNA · Genetics · Evolution & Ecology
Part 1: Multiple Choice
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Crossing over, which increases genetic variation, occurs during which stage?
- A. S phase of interphase
- B. Anaphase of mitosis
- C. Telophase II of meiosis
- D. Prophase I of meiosis
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In RNA, which base replaces thymine?
- A. Uracil
- B. Guanine
- C. Cytosine
- D. Adenine
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A human body cell has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell?
- A. 46
- B. 92
- C. 12
- D. 23
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What does Mendel's law of segregation state?
- A. Genes on the same chromosome always stay together
- B. Dominant alleles are more common
- C. Offspring blend their parents' traits
- D. The two alleles for a gene separate when gametes form
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Why is red-green color blindness more common in males than in females?
- A. The allele is dominant only in males
- B. Females have no color-vision genes
- C. Males have only one X chromosome
- D. The allele is on the Y chromosome
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Two heterozygous plants (Aa × Aa) are crossed. What is the expected phenotypic ratio if A is completely dominant?
- A. 1:1 dominant to recessive
- B. 4:0 dominant to recessive
- C. 3:1 dominant to recessive
- D. 1:2:1 dominant to recessive
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Which condition is required for natural selection to occur?
- A. A population of identical individuals
- B. Unlimited food and space
- C. Individuals changing traits on purpose
- D. Inherited variation among individuals
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A river splits a population in two. After many generations, the groups can no longer interbreed. What process occurred?
- A. Convergent evolution
- B. Artificial selection
- C. Coevolution
- D. Speciation through geographic isolation
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Random changes in allele frequencies that have the greatest effect in small populations are called what?
- A. Natural selection
- B. Artificial selection
- C. Genetic drift
- D. Gene flow
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In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 16% of individuals show the recessive phenotype. What is the frequency of the recessive allele?
- A. 0.4
- B. 0.84
- C. 0.16
- D. 0.6
Answer Key — Biology (Grades 9–10) Midterm — Quick Check, Units 4–6
- D — Prophase I of meiosis Homologous chromosomes exchange segments in prophase I.
- A — Uracil RNA uses uracil, which pairs with adenine.
- D — 23 Gametes are haploid, carrying half the diploid number.
- D — The two alleles for a gene separate when gametes form Each gamete receives only one allele for each gene.
- C — Males have only one X chromosome One recessive X-linked allele causes the trait in males.
- C — 3:1 dominant to recessive Three of four offspring have at least one A allele.
- D — Inherited variation among individuals Selection acts on heritable differences in survival and reproduction.
- D — Speciation through geographic isolation Isolation let the groups diverge until they became separate species.
- C — Genetic drift Chance events shift allele frequencies most in small populations.
- A — 0.4 q² = 0.16, so q = √0.16 = 0.4.